Mesh generation is completed in stages.

The first stage is generating vertices. This uses the x and y scale, and creates that number of points in the negative and positive scale of each axis. The number of vertices is multiplied by the resolution - a scale of 128x128 and a resolution of 2.0 would have points: 

-128.0, -127.5, -127.0, ..., -0.5, 0.0, 0.5, ..., 127.0, 127.5, 128.0. 

The vertices are then used to create faces. Faces are triangles using three vertices as the points. Pairs of faces are created using squares of vertices, where two of the three points of the triangle are shared. 

Smooth normals are generated based on the face data. Normalising the cross product of two edges of the triangle gives a vector pointing away from the surface of the triangle. Each vertex accumulates the normals for each face for which it is used. Once all faces are used, the accumulated normals for each vertex are again normalised to create a smooth normal.

Texture coordinates map to each vertex in the mesh. There is one UV for each vertex.

On completion of generation, all data is stored in a file. Each line is prefixed with the type of data it is.

'v' - Vertex

'vt' - Texture Coordinate

'vn' - Normal

'f' - Face